Field of Science

Showing posts with label Miscellaneous. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Miscellaneous. Show all posts

Busy

I am overwhelmingly busy right now. I wont have any time for The Astronomist until the middle of June or so because apparently taking painful qualifying exams builds character. In the meantime here are some diversions...
  • The Myth of Gravity
  • Erik Verlinde considers gravity as information. His theory implies that gravity is nothing more than the result of a system maximizing its entropy. See the full paper here.
  • The Holographic Universe
  • Craig Hogan’s suggests nature deals with quantum mechanics and spacetime through the holographic universe. See a paper that discusses holographic noise in gravity wave interferometers here.
  • The World Cup
  • Something completely different, but also completely awesome, and the physics of soccer is quite interesting too. Check out the video below that just begins to capture a fraction of the spirit of the World Cup held in South Africa this summer.

Inside a Nuclear Reactor

A poem from Poor Mojo's Almanac(k):

Inside a Nuclear Reactor
by Alice Mullen

Whole lives begin and end
in a thousandth
of a thousandth
of a thousandth of a second.
creation
grief
love
fury
sorrow
and death,
all occur in infinitesimal portions.

Protons give sentimental tokens
to one another,
through dancing electrons,
spinning in joyful abandon
to the music of quark logic.

Schrödinger's symphony builds to a cacophony.
Rhythm breaks down to decay the choreography.

Neutrons, split apart—with the grief of separation grow cynical.
Unstable and paranoid they guard their neutrinos from others.

Resentment and regret grow exponentially;
to radiate outward,
seeping into the ground water.

28.07.2061

The next perihelion of Halley's Comet will be 28 July, 2061. The comet has a storied history, particularily its visit in 1066:

28.07.2061, Halley's commetIn 1066, the comet was seen in England and thought to be an omen: later that year Harold II of England died at the Battle of Hastings; it was a bad omen for Harold, but a good omen for the man who defeated him, William the Conqueror. The comet is represented on the Bayeux Tapestry as a fiery star, and the accounts that have been preserved represent it as having appeared to be four times the size of Venus, and to have shone with a light equal to a quarter of that of the Moon. Halley came within 0.10 AU of the Earth. This appearance of the comet is also noted in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle. Eilmer of Malmesbury may have seen it in 989, as he wrote of the comet in 1066: "You've come, have you?…You've come, you source of tears to many mothers, you evil. I hate you! It is long since I saw you; but as I see you now you are much more terrible, for I see you brandishing the downfall of my country. I hate you!" The Irish Annals of the Four Masters recorded the comet as "A star [that] appeared on the seventh of the Calends of May, on Tuesday after Little Easter, than whose light the brilliance or light of the moon was not greater; and it was visible to all in this manner till the end of four nights afterwards." Chaco Native Americans in New Mexico may have recorded the 1066 apparition in their petroglyphs.
The comet also heralded the birth and death of Mark Twain. Twain said in his autobiography,

I came in with Halley's Comet in 1835. It is coming again next year, and I expect to go out with it. It will be the greatest disappointment of my life if I don't go out with Halley's Comet. The Almighty has said, no doubt: ‘Now here are these two unaccountable freaks; they came in together, they must go out together.'"
Indeed, he died two days after perihelion.

imagine

Imagine the world was just created a momemnt ago and will be gone the next
This is a philosophy experiment. The idea is not as absurd as it sounds (similarly, physicists are perplexed by the Boltzmann brain paradox and you should be too).You will not need any materials to preform it other than your brain. Simply consider what it would mean if the universe was created just an instant ago, and will vanish again the next instant.

Star Count

This is the year I will count all the stars in the sky.
How many stars are in the sky? There are actually only a couple thousand stars you can see with your eye on even on the clearest nights. It is estimated there are some 1011 stars in our own Milky Way and perhaps some 1010 galaxies within our horizon. That makes 1021 stars in the universe a good first guess.

A man of Seville

A man of Seville is shaved by the Barber of Seville if and only if the man does not shave himself. Does the barber shave himself?


Image from LOGICOMIX by Apostolos Doxiadis.

Explosive Morals: War Profiteer

jim mitchell
Image from The Hurt Locker.
Jim Mitchell is a war profiteer.  He is the head of London based ATSC which sells, basically, dowsing rods for finding explosives.  The Iraqi government is spending millions to purchase the devices for use at military checkpoints.  The devices really are quite magical, from the New York Times:
ATSC’s promotional material claims that its device can find guns, ammunition, drugs, truffles, human bodies and even contraband ivory at distances up to a kilometer, underground, through walls, underwater or even from airplanes three miles high. The device works on “electrostatic magnetic ion attraction,” ATSC says.
I am incensed by this electrostatic magnetic ion attraction device's outrageously unrealistic claims.  I would go into the physics of magnetic ions, but if you have ever used an Ouija board you understand already.  The real forces at work here are sociological, variable reinforcement conditioning is a powerful way to shape behavior; it is the reason that baseball players have absurd rituals before games and why even apparently logical people have illogical superstitions.  In this case if the device doesn't work it is explained as user error and when it does work it is the life saver.  In reality Iraqi soldiers are simply relying on their intuition to perceive threats.  Studies show the device performs no better than random chance.  People are dieing and we can do better.  Let's get the word out about this situation.  The people profiting from this need to get what is coming to them.  I have a feeling there will be blood before the dust settles. More from the article:
Despite major bombings that have rattled the nation, and fears of rising violence as American troops withdraw, Iraq’s security forces have been relying on a device to detect bombs and weapons that the United States military and technical experts say is useless.

The sensor device, known as the ADE 651, from $16,500 to $60,000 each. Iraq has bought more than 1,500 of the devices.
The small hand-held wand, with a telescopic antenna on a swivel, is being used at hundreds of checkpoints in Iraq. But the device works “on the same principle as a Ouija board” — the power of suggestion — said a retired United States Air Force officer, Lt. Col. Hal Bidlack, who described the wand as nothing more than an explosives divining rod.

Still, the Iraqi government has purchased more than 1,500 of the devices, known as the ADE 651, at costs from $16,500 to $60,000 each. Nearly every police checkpoint, and many Iraqi military checkpoints, have one of the devices, which are now normally used in place of physical inspections of vehicles.

With violence dropping in the past two years, Prime Minister Nuri Kamal al-Maliki has taken down blast walls along dozens of streets, and he contends that Iraqis will safeguard the nation as American troops leave.

But the recent bombings of government buildings here have underscored how precarious Iraq remains, especially with the coming parliamentary elections and the violence expected to accompany them.

The suicide bombers who managed to get two tons of explosives into downtown Baghdad on Oct. 25, killing 155 people and destroying three ministries, had to pass at least one checkpoint where the ADE 651 is typically deployed, judging from surveillance videos released by Baghdad’s provincial governor. The American military does not use the devices. “I don’t believe there’s a magic wand that can detect explosives,” said Maj. Gen. Richard J. Rowe Jr., who oversees Iraqi police training for the American military. “If there was, we would all be using it. I have no confidence that these work.”

The Iraqis, however, believe passionately in them. “Whether it’s magic or scientific, what I care about is it detects bombs,” said Maj. Gen. Jehad al-Jabiri, head of the Ministry of the Interior’s General Directorate for Combating Explosives.

Dale Murray, head of the National Explosive Engineering Sciences Security Center at Sandia Labs, which does testing for the Department of Defense, said the center had “tested several devices in this category, and none have ever performed better than random chance.”
Read on...

Nevermore

Someone wrote a graduate student's interpretation of Edgar Allan Poe's The Raven:


And as a bonus here is Poe's wild speculation of the big bang in which he discusses the 'Physical, Metaphysical and Mathematical — of the Material and Spiritual Universe; of its Essence, its Origin, its Creation, its Present Condition, and its Destiny.'

Tabula Rasa





A sample of blank slates, transformed with great discretion, seen in the department.